In a bid to improve air quality, especially in urban areas, reduce complexity and rule out exceptions, the EU is increasingly harmonising and tightening emissions legislation. Many other geographies are replicating EU legislation.
Euro 6, for example, mandates much lower emissions levels for cars sold in Europe and thus much stricter measurement and analysis processes, including Real Driving Emissions (RDE) tests using Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS). At the same time, European legislators are tightening the net around sources of emissions other than automotive. The new Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) Regulation, with a staggered implementation timeframe between 2018 and 2021, defines a new set of emissions limits known as Stage V. The proposed measures aim to progressively reduce emissions from non-road mobile machinery and phase out polluting equipment. This regulation includes in-service monitoring using PEMS.
To comply with these new standards, engine manufacturers and OEMs need to measure and control pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3) and particulate matter (PM). This requires accurate, fit-for-purpose calibration and instrumentation gases.
Exhaust testing is performed at several steps in the engine/vehicle lifecycle, from the R&D phase to the regular aftermarket inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs, which include type approval and registration procedures.
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